What do you call the property of a substance to dissolve in water?

The property of a substance to dissolve in water is referred to as solubility. Solubility is an important characteristic in chemistry because it indicates how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. When a substance is said to be soluble in water, it means that it can interact with water molecules and form a homogeneous solution. This is crucial in many chemical processes and biological systems, as it affects how substances are transported, utilized, or reacted.

In contrast, concentration refers to the amount of solute in a given volume of solvent, which is closely related to solubility but does not describe the ability to dissolve itself. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow, which is not directly related to how well a substance can dissolve in water. pH level measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, providing information about the concentration of hydrogen ions but not its solubility in water. Thus, the correct term for the property that describes how well a substance dissolves in water is solubility.